银行个人消费信贷浅析论文

时间:2022-04-19 12:02:00

银行个人消费信贷浅析论文

摘要

当前中国经济已基本实现了由卖方市场到买方市场的过渡,有效需求不足成为中国经济的焦点问题。在此背景下,消费信贷作为一个崭新的消费方式和信贷渠道,引起政府、银行、企业和居民的多方关注。特别是1993年3月,中国人民政府颁布了《关于开展个人消费信贷的指导意见》的通知以后,各大商业银行加快了开展消费信贷业务的步伐,并取得了较好的成效。但是随着消费信贷业务范围的进一步扩大,消费信贷在发展中存在的问题也暴露增多,这些问题严重制约了我国消费信贷的发展。消费信贷是新生事物,它的开展无疑会给商业银行带来新的机遇,但也带来挑战,商业银行应该既要抓住机遇,充分拓展这一业务领域,又要有效防范风险,不使本来低劣的资产雪上加霜。目前,世界上金融危机连续不断的爆发,使得人们对金融风险尤其是银行风险有了更深的认识,它已成为了阻碍经济发展的最大的不确定因素。银行风险的预测和控制就越发重要紧迫。由于个人消费信贷业务在我国才刚刚起步,消费信贷的发展水平仍然相当低,各种制约因素非常多,市场处于培育阶段。与生产信贷相比,管理的复杂程度更高,因此,需要针对个人消费信贷建立一套风险防范体系,有效防范和化解个人消费信贷风险。

本论文通过对前人理论进行总结和运用,形成一定的理论认识;接着对我国个人消费信贷发展现状进行分析,在实证分析的基础上进一步研究制约个人消费信贷面临的种种风险,并采用实证分析的方法来说明风险具体表现在哪些方面;在后,找出商业银行个人消费信贷风险形成原因;最后,通过确定信用评价评分标准和设计信用评分模型来控制个人消费信贷风险,并以次提出防范和化解消费信贷风险的对策。

本论文主要采用实证分析和规范分析相结合,以实证分析为主的研究方法。对消费信贷风险问题则采用定性分析和定量分析相结合的方法,在对具体问题则采用个案分析与综合归纳相结合的方法。

研究内容如下:

1、通过对消费信贷、风险以及消费信贷风险理论的认识和运用,指出消费信贷风险是客观存在的,企图消灭风险,回避风险,是不现实的,只有积极地认识风险、控制风险,将消费贷款风险降低到最低程度,才能实现商业银行的经营目标。

2、我国消费市场目前买方市场格局已初步形成,消费市场的有效需求明显不足,人们的消费观念也在不断更新,随着金融改革的深化,商业银行越来越倾向于开展消费信贷业务,这些都使得我国大力发展消费信贷变得可行。虽然我国个人消费信贷发展取得了很大的进步,然而,由于文化传统、经济状况和相关配套措施不足等原因,个人消费信贷的发展还面临着许多难题:(1)中国居民传统的消费观念保守;(2)中国居民现在其预期的收入总体水平偏低,负债消费的承受力较弱;(3)消费信贷政策存在偏见与歧视;(4)个人信用制度不健全;(5)银行的经营意识、服务质量有待进一步提高。

3、商业银行个人消费信贷风险有长期潜在性、不确定因素较多和风险较其它信贷风险高三个特征。

4、商业银行个人消费信贷风险产生的原因:(1)银行方面的原因。(2)消费者方面的原因(3)其他方面原因。

5、商业银行个人消费信贷风险的识别与评估。(1)个人消费信贷风险识别;(2)个人消费信贷风险的评估。

6、商业银行个人消费信贷风险的防范对策:(1)建立和完善个人信用制度以及个人信用评价体系;(2)建立和健全消费信贷的法律法规体系;(3)健全银行内部管理制度;(4)实行消费信贷证券化,分散消费信贷风险;(5)建立银行消费信贷的风险管理;(6)建立消费信贷风险保障机制;(7)实行浮动贷款利率和提前偿还罚息。

关键词:消费信贷;个人信用;风险

ANALYSISOFTHEPROVIDEALOANFORCONSUMPTIONBYPERSONALCREDITOFCOMMERCIALBANK

Abstract:CurrentChinaeconomyisalreadybasictorealizetobegonetobysellingpartymarketthetransitionofthebuyermarket,thevalidneedshortagebecomestheeconomicfocusinChinaproblem.Soasanewconsumptionwayandchannel----consumptionbycreditcausingthegovernment,bank,businessenterprisetopayattentiontowithresidentinmanyways.Especiallyin1993March,theChinesedomesticaffairsmansionpromulgatedthe《concerningexhibitionindividualthatopenthecircularthatleadingopinion》,thestepsofmostcommercialbanksondevelopingconsumptionbycredithavebecomemoreandmorequick,andgotgoodresult.Butthereweresomeproblemsappearedduringthetimeofdeveloping,theseproblemswereseriousrestrictthedevelopment.Theconsumptionbycreditisneonatalbusiness,itdoubtlessbringopportunityandchallengetocommercialbank,socommercialbanksshouldtakethisopportunityandexpandthisoperationactively,atthesametimetheyshouldalsokeepawayformriskeffectively.Current,intheworldthefinancialcrisisissuccessivetobreakout,makingpeopleisabiggestindeterminationfactorthatbankriskhadthedeepercognitionparticularlytothefinancialrisk,ithadbecomethebafflingeconomydevelop.Hereby,parewiththeconsumptionbyproduction,consumptionbycreditisjuststartwithlow-levelandeverykindofmakeroughlythefactorisquiteafew,themarketisplacedintogrowthestage.Withprovidealoanforproducecompare,thecomplicateddegreethatmanageishigher,therefore,thedemandaimsatprovidealoanbypersonalcreditestablishesasetofrisksagainstthesystem,againsteffectivelywithdissolveprovidealoanforconsumptionbypersonalcreditrisk.

Thispaperbasesonthetheoriesthatthepeopleresearchbefore,itanalysistheactualityofconsumptionbycreditinourcountry;afteranalysisthereisafurtherstudyofallkindsofriskwhichrestrictpersonalconsumptionbycreditandshowwhatfacetaretheserisksbehave;thenfindoutthereasonshowrisksappear;atlastensurecreditestimatestandardtocontrolrisksandthisstandardisfoundationofkeepawayformriskscountermeasure.

Mainadoptioninthisthesissubstantialevidenceanalysiswithnormanalysiscombinetogether,withthesubstantialevidenceanalyzesformainresearchmethod.Toprovidealoanforconsumptionbycreditriskproblemtothenadoptthequalitativeanalysiswiththemethodthatquantitativeanalysiscombinetogether,atthenadopttheindividualcasesanalysistotheconcreteproblemwithsynthesizethemethodthatinducecombinetogether.

Studythecontentsasfollows:

1、Dependtheconsumptionbycredit,riskandconsumethetheoreticalcognitioninriskofconsumptionbycreditwithmakeuseof,pointouttheconsumptionbycredit’sriskisobjectiveexistentof,theschemeexterminatestherisk,gettingaroundtherisk,isnotrealistic,onlyhavetoknowtheriskprogressively,controlrisk,willconsumetolendmoneytheriskaslowaslowestdegree,thencanrealizethetargetofthemanagementofthecommercialbank.

2、theourcountryconsumesthemarketcurrentbuyermarketstructureandformalreadythefirststepbecomes,consumingthemarketvalidneedobviousshortage,peopleconsumptionideatooatrenewcontinuously,reformdeeptoturnalongwiththefinance,thecommercialbankinclinestowardtoopenmoreandmoreexhibitionconsumptionbycreditbusiness,theseallmakeourcountrydevelopstronglytheconsumptionbycreditbecomescanline.Althoughourcountryindividualconsumptionbycreditdevelopmentobtainedtheverybigadvance,however,becauseofculturetradition,economicconditionwithrelatedintegrationshortageetc.reason,individualconsumethedevelopmentoftheprovidealoanbycreditstillfacesmanyhardnuttocracks:(1)thetraditionalconsumptioninChineseresidentideakeeps;(2)thetotallevelinitsanticipantincomeinnowinChineseresidentislow,theacceptancedintthatliabilitiesconsumeisweaker;(3)consumetheprovidealoanbycreditpolicyexsitsprejudiceandbias;(4)thepersonalreputationsystemisnotsound;(5)thebankoperatestheconsciousness,servicequantityneedsthefurtherexaltation.

3、commercialbankpersonalconsumptionbycreditriskcontainmorelong-termlatent,indeterminationfactorwithotherrisk,consumptionbycreditriskhighthreecharacteristics.

4、commercialbankthereasonoftheprovidealoanbycreditriskcreation:(1)thereasonofthebank.(2)theotheraspectinreason(3)reasonoftheconsumer.

5、commercialbankprovidealoanbypersonalcreditriskidentifieswithtakesthegaugeof.(1)providealoanbypersonalcreditriskidentifies;(2)individualconsumesthevaluationoftheprovidealoanbycreditrisk.

6、commercialbankprovidealoanforconsumptionbypersonalcreditriskagainststhecounterplan:(1)establishwithperfectandpersonalreputationsystemandpersonalreputationevaluationsystems;(2)establishwiththesoundlawlawssystemofprovidealoanbycredit;(3)internalmanagementsysteminsoundbank;(4)practicetheprovidealoanforconsumptionbycreditstockcertificateturn,scatteringabouttheprovidealoanforconsumptionbycreditrisk;(5)establishtheriskmanagementthatbankprovidealoanbycredit;(6)establishtheprovidealoanforconsumptionbycreditriskguaranteesmechanism;(7)practicetofloatthelendingratewithcompensatetopunishtheaccrualinadvance.

Keywords:consumptionbycredit;personalcredit;risk

目录:

第一章商业银行个人消费信贷发展历程与现状分析

第二章商业银行个人消费信贷的风险分析

第三章商业银行个人消费信贷风险产生的原因分析

第四章研究结论与对策思考

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