“It”典型句型例释

时间:2022-02-19 02:39:00

“It”典型句型例释

“It”句型一直是近几年NMET命题的热点,同时也是日常教与学的重点和难点。在教材和练习中频频出现,由于其繁杂多变,尤其是一些近似句型的辨析,常使同学们望而却步。笔者在平时的教学中,注意收集这样的句子,现将这些句子分类整理并作一简析,希望能对同学们的学习有所帮助。

1.①Itis3years________hejoinedthearmy.

②Itwillbe3years________wemeetagain.

③Tomtoldmethatitwas3years________hehadleftschool.

A.before

B.after

C.since

D.when

析:①C,②A,③C。做这类题目应从时态入手。句①是一个主从复合句,该句型常是:It+is(hasbeen)+sometime+sincesb.didsth.主句用一般现在时或现在完成时,而从句则用一般过去时。句②为Itwillbe(was)+sometimebeforesb.does(did)sth.“多久某人干…”。主句要用一般将来时或一般过去时,before引导的从句则用对应的一般现在时或一般过去时。又如:

Itwasn’tlongbeforewemetagain.

不久我们又见面了。

句③与句①是同一句型,只不过该句型出现在told引导的宾语从句之中了,故用了was和hadleft的形式。

2.①________iswellknowntousallthattheearthisround.

②________iswellknowntousall,theearthisround.

A.That

B.As

C.It

D.Which

析:①C,②B。句①中it是形式主语,真正的主语是从句“thattheearthisround”。句②中as引导一非限制性定语从句,代替后面整句内容,置于句首。

3.①Wasitthehouse________AbrahamLincolnwasborn?

②Wasitinthehouse________AbrahamLincolnwasborn?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.bothAandB

析:①B,②A。句①的先行词是thehouse,后面为一个定语从句,所以可填where或inwhich。句②为强调句型。判断一个句子是否是强调句型,先把itis…that…这一结构抛开,看其余部分能否构成一个完整的句子。那么,句①还原为AbrahamLincolnwasbornthehouse.thehouse之前缺少介词in,故不为强调句了。句②则相符,故选that。

4.①It’sverykind________youtohelpus.

②It’sveryimportant________ustokeepthebalanceofnature.

A.for

B.of

C.to

D.with

析:①B,②A。在句①中,常见的形容词有kind,good,nice,foolish,stupid,wrong,clever等。他们用来修饰人,表示人物的品质或性格特征。句①可变为You’reverykindtohelpus.所以选B。而句②则不可,因其形容词只能修饰后面的不定式,故用for。

5.①________nowonderthathehaspassedtheexam.

②________noneedforyoutowaithere.

A.Therebeing

B.Itwas

C.Itis

D.Thereis

析:①C,②D。句①为“无怪…”之意,it为形式主语,that从句为真正主语,该句型还常以Nowonder…,Smallwonder…或Littlewonder…等省略形式出现。又如:Nowonderhewaspunishedbyhisfather。句②为固定句型,多为否定句或疑问句。又如:Isthereanyneedtoexplainfurther?有必要更进一步说明吗?

6.①Itisstrangethathe________theworkin3days.

②Itispossiblethathe________theworkin3days.

A.canfinish

B.isfinishing

C.shouldfinish

D.finish

析:①C,②A。在itisnecessary(important,strange,natural)等结构的句子中,其后的主语从句用虚拟语气,结构为“should+动词原形”。

7.①Itis(high)timethatwe________toschool.

②Itisthesecondtimethatwe________toBeijing.

A.go

B.went

C.havebeen

D.havegone

析:①B,②C。句①为Itis(high)time引导的定语从句,应用虚拟语气,其结构为“过去式或should+动词原形”,should不可省略。句②的先行词time由序数词修饰,从句要用完成时态,且时态要和主句保持一致。又如:

It(This/That)wasthethirdtimethathehadbeeninvitedtoourschool.

It’llbethefourthtimethathe’llhavebeenthere.

8.①________doesn’tmattermuchwhetherhe’llcometotheparty.

②Ifeel________anhonourtobeinvitedtospeakhere.

A.this(This)

B.it(It)

C.that(That)

D.what(What)

析:①B,②B。在句①和句②中it分别作形式主语和形式宾语,故不能用this或that代替。

9.①It’snogood________suchathing.

②It’sofnoimportance________suchathing.

A.do

B.todo

C.doing

D.done

析:①C,②B。句①常用doing作真正的主语,故选C。类似句型还有It’snouse(useless)cryingoverthespiltmilk.句②则只能用不定式作真正主语。再如It’simportant/helpful/good/necessary/possible/right/

wrong+todo…。

10.①Itishopedthatyou________thereontime.

②Itisadvisedthatyou________thereontime.

A.arrive

B.shouldarrive“公务员之家有”版权所

C.willarrive

D.bothAandB

析:①C,②D。句①是it作形式主语,that从句作真正的主语。主从句时态一致是解题的关键。类似句型有:It’ssaid/believed/hoped/expected/reported/announced/whisperedthat…等等。做这类题目时,还应注意其转变题型。例如:

(NMET’99)Robertissaid________abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.

A.tohavestudied

B.tostudy

C.tobestudying

D.tohavebeenstudying

如果把首句变为ItissaidthatRobert________,再结合后面的“studied”便可轻易得出答案A。

句②Itisadvisedthat…=sb.advisesthat,所以仍需用虚拟语气,谓语动词为shoulddo或do的形式。类似的句型还有Itisinsisted/ordered/suggested/demanded/required/requestedthat…等等。